Drugs for Hypertension
March 13, 2017 (Issue: 1516)
in the US and their dosages, adverse effects, and
costs are listed in the tables.
Treatment of hypertensive urgencies and emergencies
is not discussed here.
- PK Whelton et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 71:2199.
- American College of Cardiology. ASCVD risk estimator plus. Available at: http://tools.acc.org. Accessed January 31, 2018.
- A Qaseem et al. Pharmacologic treatment of hypertension in adults aged 60 years or older to higher versus lower blood pressure targets: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Academy of Family Physicians. Ann Intern Med 2017; 166:430.
- AAFP. AAFP decides to not endorse AHA/ACC hypertension guidelines. Available at: https://www.aafp.org. Accessed January 26, 2018.
- Has been removed.
- JT Wright Jr et al. ALLHAT findings revisited in the context of subsequent analyses, other trials, and meta-analyses. Arch Intern Med 2009; 169:832.
- GC Roush et al. Diuretics: a review and update. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2014; 19:5.
- VM Musini et al. Blood pressure-lowering efficacy of loop diuretics for primary hypertension. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; 5:CD003825.
- DA Calhoun et al. Refractory hypertension: determination of prevalence, risk factors, and comorbidities in a large, population-based cohort. Hypertension 2014; 63:451.
- DA Calhoun and WB White. Effectiveness of the selective aldosterone blocker, eplerenone, in patients with resistant hypertension. J Am Soc Hypertens 2008; 2:462.
- Drugs for chronic heart failure. Med Lett Drugs Ther 2015; 57:9.
- Aliskiren (Tekturna) for hypertension. Med Lett Drugs Ther 2007; 49:29.
- F Turnbull et al. Effects of different blood-pressure-lowering regimens on major cardiovascular events: results of prospectively-designed overviews of randomised trials. Lancet 2003; 362:1527.
- K Jamerson et al. Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 2008; 359:2417.
- WH Frishman and E Saunders. ß-adrenergic blockers. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2011; 13:649.
- CS Wiysonge et al. Beta-blockers for hypertension. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 11:CD002003.
- GL Bakris et al. Metabolic effects of carvedilol vs metoprolol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004; 292:2227.
- Nebivolol (Bystolic) for hypertension. Med Lett Drugs Ther 2008; 50:17.
- J Fongemie and E Felix-Getzik. A review of nebivolol pharmacology and clinical evidence. Drugs 2015; 75:1349.
- The ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients randomized to doxazosin vs chlorthalidone: the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). JAMA 2000; 283:1967.
- P Smith et al. Nifedipine in pregnancy. BJOG 2000; 107:299.
- WF Peacock IV et al. A systematic review of nicardipine vs labetalol for the management of hypertensive crises. Am J Emerg Med 2012; 30:981.
- SN Molvi et al. Role of antihypertensive therapy in mild to moderate pregnancy-induced hypertension: a prospective randomized study comparing labetalol with alpha methyldopa. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2012; 285:1553.
- MY Yacoob et al. The risk of congenital malformations associated with exposure to β-blockers early in pregnancy: a meta-analysis. Hypertension 2013; 62:375.
- C Lydakis et al. Atenolol and fetal growth in pregnancies complicated by hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1999; 12:541.
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