Etodolac (Lodine - Wyeth-Ayerst), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) available in Europe for several years, was recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in osteoarthritis and as a general-purpose analgesic. It has not been approved for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Oxaprozin (Daypro -Searle), a propionic acid-derivative nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for once-daily treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Some of the NSAIDs previously marketed in the USA are listed in the table on page 16. Ibuprofen, naproxen, fenoprofen, ketoprofen, and flurbiprofen are also propionic acid derivatives. Piroxicam and nabumetone (Medical Letter, 34:38, 1992) are also approved for once-daily use, and indomethacin is available in an extended-release formulation that can be taken once...

Paclitaxel (Taxol - Bristol-Myers Squibb) is now available in the USA for treatment of metastatic ovarian cancer refractory to other drugs. The new drug is a natural product extracted in small amounts from the inner bark of the Western yew tree found mainly in the Pacific northwest (Taxus brevifolia). Efforts to synthesize the drug have been unsuccessful to date, but a semi-synthetic product (taxotere) prepared from the needles of European yews has shown some promise (R Pazdur et al, J Natl Cancer Inst, 89:1781, 1992), and a fungus (Taxomyces andreanae) growing on the Pacific yew was...

Rimantadine hydrochloride (Flumadine - Forest), the alpha-methyl derivative of amantadine (Symmetrel, and others), was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for prevention and treatment of influenza A virus infections in adults and for prevention of influenza in children.

Granisetron, a serotonin (5-HT) antagonist similar to ondansetron, was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for prevention of nausea and vomiting due to cancer chemotherapy. Although available in an oral formulation in other countries, granisetron is available here only for intravenous (IV) use.

Naltrexone (ReVia -DuPont Pharma), a long-acting oral opioid antagonist previously marketed for treatment of opioid dependence under the trade name Trexan, was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of alcohol dependence. The new trade name will now also be used for the old indication.

Two cholesterol-lowering margarines have been marketed in the USA.

Sirolimus, whlch is structurally related to tacrolimus, has been approved by the FDA for prevention of acute renal transplant rejection. The manufacturer recommends that sirolimus be taken with cyclosporine and corticosteroids.

Formoterol fumarate inhalation powder Foradil Aerolizer, a long-acting beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist, has been approved by the FDA for maintenance treatment of asthma and prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm. The drug has been available in Europe for many years.

Balsalazide disodium (Colazal), a prodrug of mesalamine, was marketed in the US this year for oral treatment of mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. Oral formulations of mesalamine have been available in the US for nine years for treatment and maintenance of remissions and olsalazine, which is a dimer of mesalamine, is marketed for maintenance of remissions but not for treatment. Balsalazide has been available in Europe for four years.