Femlyv (Millicent), an orally disintegrating tablet containing ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone acetate, has been approved by the FDA for prevention of pregnancy in females with a body mass index (BMI) ≤35 kg/m². It is the first hormonal contraceptive to become available in an orally disintegrating tablet formulation. Traditional oral and chewable tablets containing ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone acetate in a wide range of doses, including those found in Femlyv, have been available in the US for years.

The primary symptoms of menopause are genitourinary and vasomotor. The genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) includes symptoms such as burning, irritation, dryness, dyspareunia, dysuria, and recurrent urinary tract infection. Vasomotor symptoms (VMS; hot flashes, night sweats) often disrupt sleep.

The FDA has approved Phexxi (Evofem), a nonhormonal prescription-only vaginal gel containing lactic acid, citric acid, and potassium bitartrate, for prevention of pregnancy. The gel is intended for on-demand contraception; it is not effective when used after intercourse. It was previously approved for use as a vaginal lubricant (Amphora), but was never marketed.

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) and the etonogestrel implant are the most effective reversible contraceptive methods available. Hormonal oral contraceptives, patches, rings, and injectables are also effective in preventing pregnancy. When used alone, barrier and behavioral methods generally have higher failure rates than other methods (see Table 1). Selection of a contraceptive method is usually based on patient-specific factors and personal preference

The FDA has approved a combination oral contraceptive containing the estrogen estetrol and the progestin drospirenone (Nextstellis – Mithra/Mayne). Estetrol is the first new estrogen to become available in the US in 50 years. Drospirenone is available alone (Slynd) and in combinations with the estrogen ethinyl estradiol for prevention of pregnancy.