Epoprostenol sodium (Flolan - Glaxo Wellcome), also known as prostacyclin, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for continuous intravenous treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension.

Azelaic acid, a naturally occurring heptanedicarboxylic acid, has been marketed in the USA as a 20% cream (Azelex - Allergan) for treatment of acne. The drug has been available in Europe for several years.

Bicalutamide (Casodex - Zeneca), an oral nonsteroidal antiandrogen similar to flutamide (Eulexin - Medical Letter, 31:72, 1989), is now available in the USA for treat-ment of advanced prostate cancer. The drug is recommended by the manufacturer for use concurrently with an analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) such as leuprolide (Lupron; Lupron Depot) or goserelin (Zoladex -Medical Letter, 32:102, 1990).

Interferon β-1a (Avonex - Biogen), a recombinant form of human interferon β, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Interferon β-1a (Betaseron - Berlex), a recombinant analog of interferon β that differs from interferon β-1a in having a serine substituted for a cysteine and in not being glycosylated, was previously approved for this indication (Medical Letter, 35:61, 1993; BW van Oosten et al, Drugs, 49:200, 1995).

Results of a recent study suggested that zinc gluconate may be effective in treating the common cold (SB Mossad et al, Ann Intern Med, 125:81, July 15, 1996). Zinc gluconate lozenges, sometimes combined with vitamin C or other ingredients, are available in pharmacies and health food stores throughout the USA.

Myocardial perfusion imaging and stress echocardiography in patients who cannot exercise may require use of drugs. Arbutamine (GenESA - Gensia Automedics), a potent synthetic sympathomimetic, has recently been approved by the FDA for use with a computerized drug-delivery system in pharmacologic stress testing.

Raloxifene (Evista - Lilly), a benzothiophene that acts on estrogen receptors, has recently been marketed for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Only estrogen (alone or in combination with a progestin) and the bisphosphonate alendronate (Fosamax) were previously approved by the FDA for this indication.

Sibutramine hydrochlorid monohydreate (Meridia - Knoll), which is structurally related to amphetamine, has been approved by the FDA for treatment of obesity. It is classified by the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) as a schedule IV controlled substance.

Prosorba, an antibody-adsorbing column used with plasmapheresis, has been approved by the FDA for treatment of moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis in patients refractory or intolerant to methotrexate and other disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs).

The antibiotic aztreonam is now available as an inhalation solution (Cayston – Gilead) to improve respiratory symptoms in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients ≥7 years old colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is the second inhaled antibiotic to be FDA-approved for this indication in CF patients; the aminoglycoside tobramycin (Tobi) was the first. Inhaled antibiotics offer the advantage of high airway concentrations while minimizing systemic side effects.