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Cabtreo: A Three-Drug Gel for Acne

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • April 15, 2024; (Issue 1700)

The FDA has approved Cabtreo (Bausch Health), a gel containing the retinoid adapalene, the oxidizing agent benzoyl peroxide, and the antibiotic clindamycin, for treatment of acne vulgaris in patients ≥12...

The FDA has approved Cabtreo (Bausch Health), a gel containing the retinoid adapalene, the oxidizing agent benzoyl peroxide, and the antibiotic clindamycin, for treatment of acne vulgaris in patients ≥12 years old. Cabtreo is the first three-drug topical formulation to become available in the US for treatment of acne.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2024 Apr 15;66(1700):59-60 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Acne

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • February 5, 2024; (Issue 1695)

Acne is common among adolescents and adults. Guidelines for treatment of acne were last published by the American Academy of Dermatology in...

Acne is common among adolescents and adults. Guidelines for treatment of acne were last published by the American Academy of Dermatology in 2016.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2024 Feb 5;66(1695):17-20 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Clascoterone Cream (Winlevi) for Acne

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • December 27, 2021; (Issue 1640)

The FDA has approved Winlevi (Sun), a 1% cream formulation of the androgen receptor inhibitor clascoterone, for treatment of acne vulgaris in patients ≥12 years old. It is the first topical...

The FDA has approved Winlevi (Sun), a 1% cream formulation of the androgen receptor inhibitor clascoterone, for treatment of acne vulgaris in patients ≥12 years old. It is the first topical androgen receptor inhibitor to be approved by the FDA.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2021 Dec 27;63(1640):202-4 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Acne

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • November 30, 2020; (Issue 1612)

Acne is common among adolescents and young adults, but its prevalence appears to have increased in people of all ages due to prolonged wearing of masks during the COVID-19 pandemic. Guidelines for treatment...

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2020 Nov 30;62(1612):188-91 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Common Bacterial Infections in Adults

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • October 23, 2017; (Issue 1532)

Bacterial infections in adults are generally treated empirically, with the antibiotic covering most, but not all, of the potential causative pathogens. For some infections, culture and sensitivity testing can guide treatment, allowing for use of narrower-spectrum antibiotics. The recommended dosages and durations of antibiotic treatment for common respiratory, skin, and urinary tract infections are listed in Tables 1-3. Infectious disease experts now recommend shorter treatment durations for many infections to reduce the development of antimicrobial resistance and minimize adverse effects.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2017 Oct 23;59(1532):171-7 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Sexually Transmitted Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • July 3, 2017; (Issue 1524)

The text and tables that follow include recommendations for management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV and viral hepatitis. Some of the indications and dosages recommended here have...

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2017 Jul 3;59(1524):105-12 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Sexually Transmitted Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 1, 2013; (Issue 133)

Many infections can be transmitted during sexual contact. The text and tables that follow include recommendations for management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV, viral hepatitis, and enteric infections. Some of the indications and dosages recommended here have not been approved by the FDA.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2013 Sep;11(133):87-94 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Endocarditis Prophylaxis for Dental Procedures

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 17, 2012; (Issue 1399)

Since 2007, antimicrobial prophylaxis for dental procedures has been recommended only for patients at highest risk of severe consequences from infective endocarditis. There is no indication that more limited use of dental prophylaxis since then has led to an increase in the incidence of infective endocarditis.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2012 Sep 17;54(1399):74-5 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Sexually Transmitted Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • July 1, 2010; (Issue 95)

Many infections can be transmitted during sexual contact. The text and tables that follow are limited to management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV, viral hepatitis and enteric infections. The drugs of choice, their dosages and alternatives are listed in a table that begins on page 54. A table listing the adverse effects of some of these antimicrobials begins on page 58.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2010 Jul;8(95):53-60 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Bacterial Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • June 1, 2010; (Issue 94)

The text below reviews some common bacterial infections and their treatment. The recommendations made here are based on the results of susceptibility studies, clinical trials and the opinions of Medical Letter...

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2010 Jun;8(94):43-52 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Telavancin (Vibativ) for Gram-Positive Skin Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • January 11, 2010; (Issue 1329)

Telavancin (Vibativ - Astellas and Theravance), a lipoglycopeptide derivative of vancomycin (Vancocin, and others), has received FDA approval for treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections...

Telavancin (Vibativ - Astellas and Theravance), a lipoglycopeptide derivative of vancomycin (Vancocin, and others), has received FDA approval for treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by susceptible gram-positive bacteria in adults.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2010 Jan 11;52(1329):1-2 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

In Brief: IV Artesunate for Severe Malaria

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 19, 2008; (Issue 1286)

The drug of choice for patients who require parenteral treatment for malaria is IV artesunate, which is available now from the CDC Malaria Branch (M-F, 8 AM-4:30 PM eastern time, 770-488-7788 or, after hours, 770-488-7100). Artesunate appears to be more effective than quinine1 and safer than quinidine, the other parenteral alternatives in the US. The CDC has supplies of artesunate in Atlanta and in 8 quarantine stations in major airports around the US. It will release the drug for appropriate patients (severe disease or unable to take oral drugs) if it can be supplied as quickly as quinidine, or if quinidine has failed, been poorly tolerated, or is contraindicated.

The herbal artemisinin derivatives artemether and artesunate are used worldwide for treatment of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, but have not been marketed in the US.2,3 About 1500 cases of malaria are diagnosed each year in the US in returning travelers, and about 5% of these have severe disease.4

Artesunate is generally given over 3 days in 2.4 mg/kg doses at 0, 12, 24 and 48 hours. It should be accompanied as soon as possible by an oral drug such as atovaquone/proguanil (Malarone), doxycycline (Vibramycin, and others; not for children <8 years old), clindamycin (Cleocin, and others) or mefloquine (Lariam, and others).

1. A Dondorp et al. South East Asian Quinine Artesunate Malaria Trial (SEAQUAMAT) Artesunate versus quinine for treatment of severe falciparum malaria: a randomised trial. Lancet 2005; 366:717.
2. Drugs for parasitic infections. New Rochelle, NY: The Medical Letter; 2007:34.
3. NJ White. Qinghaosu (artemisinin): the price of success. Science 2008; 320:330.
4. PJ Rosenthal. Artesunate for the treatment of severe falciparum malaria. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:1829.

Download: U.S. English

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2008 May 19;50(1286):37 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Retapamulin (Altabax) - A New Topical Antibiotic

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • February 25, 2008; (Issue 1280)

Retapamulin (re-tap'-a-mue'-lin; Altabax - Glaxo SmithKline) is a topical antibiotic recently approved by the FDA for treatment of bullous and non-bullous impetigo due to Streptococcus pyogenes and...

Retapamulin (re-tap'-a-mue'-lin; Altabax - Glaxo SmithKline) is a topical antibiotic recently approved by the FDA for treatment of bullous and non-bullous impetigo due to Streptococcus pyogenes and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. It is available as a 1% ointment by prescription only.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2008 Feb 25;50(1280):13-4 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Correction: Major Changes in Endocarditis Prophylaxis for Dental, GI and GU Procedures

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • December 17, 2007; (Issue 1276)

On page 100 of the article "Major Changes in Endocarditis Prophylaxis for Dental, GI and GU Procedures", under the section Highest-Risk Procedures, the word "rubber" should have been omitted. Placement of orthodontic rubber bands is not a highest-risk procedure that justifies prophylaxis; placement of orthodontic (metal) bands is. An orthodontic band is a metal ring that surrounds the tooth and is pressed into place causing movement in closely-spaced teeth and sometimes bleeding when the bands are placed close to the gumline.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2007 Dec 17;49(1276):104 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Major Changes in Endocarditis Prophylaxis for Dental, GI and GU Procedures

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • December 3, 2007; (Issue 1275)

The American Heart Association has issued its revised guidelines for prevention of infective endocarditis. Antimicrobial prophylaxis for dental procedures is now recommended only for patients at the highest risk of severe consequences from endocarditis who are undergoing the highest-risk procedures. Endocarditis prophylaxis is no longer recommended for gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) procedures. When these changes are implemented, the number of patients receiving antimicrobial prophylaxis to prevent endocarditis should decline sharply.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2007 Dec 3;49(1275):99-100 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Tinidazole (Tindamax) - A New Option for Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 10, 2007; (Issue 1269)

Tinidazole (Tindamax - Mission Pharmacal), an oral antiprotozoal drug available in the US since 2004 for treatment of trichomoniasis, giardiasis, amebiasis and amebic liver abscess, was recently approved by the...

Tinidazole (Tindamax - Mission Pharmacal), an oral antiprotozoal drug available in the US since 2004 for treatment of trichomoniasis, giardiasis, amebiasis and amebic liver abscess, was recently approved by the FDA for treatment of bacterial vaginosis.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2007 Sep 10;49(1269):73-4 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Sexually Transmitted Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 1, 2007; (Issue 61)

Many infections can be transmitted during sexual contact. The text and tables that follow are limited to management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV, viral hepatitis and enteric infections. Guidelines are available from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) with detailed recommendations for treatment of these diseases.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2007 Sep;5(61):81-9 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Choice of Antibacterial Drugs

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 1, 2007; (Issue 57)

Information about empirical treatment of bacterial infections, emerging trends in antimicrobial resistance, new drugs and new data about older drugs continue to become available. Usual pathogens and empiric treatment for some common types of infections are summarized in the text and a table listing the drugs of choice and alternatives for each pathogen begins on page 40. The recommendations made here are based on the results of susceptibility studies, clinical trials and the opinions of Medical Letter consultants.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2007 May;5(57):33-50 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Surgery

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • December 1, 2006; (Issue 52)

Antimicrobial prophylaxis can decrease the incidence of infection, particularly surgical site infection, after certain procedures. Recommendations for prevention of surgical site infection are listed in this...

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2006 Dec;4(52):83-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Treatment of Community-Associated MRSA Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • February 13, 2006; (Issue 1228)

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections, which have been a concern for many years, previously occurred primarily in hospitalized patients and those recently treated with antibiotics. In the past few years, there has been an increasing incidence worldwide of community-associated (CA) MRSA infections in patients without recent antibiotic exposure or contact with the healthcare system.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2006 Feb 13;48(1228):13-4 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Antibacterial Prophylaxis for Dental, GI and GU Procedures

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • July 18, 2005; (Issue 1213)

Many physicians believe that antimicrobial prophylaxis before procedures that may cause transient bacteremia can prevent endocarditis and prosthetic joint infection in patients at increased risk for these disorders. The effectiveness of this common practice has never been established by controlled trials in humans.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2005 Jul 18;47(1213):59-60 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Acne, Rosacea and Psoriasis

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • July 1, 2005; (Issue 35)

The pathogenesis of acne is multifactorial: follicular hyperkeratinization, Propionibacterium acnes bacteria, sebum production, androgens and inflammation have all been implicated. P. acnes, a gram-positive...

The pathogenesis of acne is multifactorial: follicular hyperkeratinization, Propionibacterium acnes bacteria, sebum production, androgens and inflammation have all been implicated. P. acnes, a gram-positive microaerophilic bacterium, plays an important role in the development of acne lesions by secreting chemotactic factors that attract leukocytes to the follicle, causing inflammation.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2005 Jul;3(35):49-56 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Sexually Transmitted Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • October 1, 2004; (Issue 26)

Many infections can be transmitted during sexual contact. The text and tables that follow are limited to management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV, viral hepatitis and enteric infections. Guidelines are available from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) with detailed recommendations for treatment of these diseases (MMWR Recomm Rep 2002; 51, RR-6:1). New guidelines are expected soon.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2004 Oct;2(26):67-74 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Parasitic Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • August 16, 2004; (Issue 1189)

Parasitic infections are found throughout the world. With increasing travel, immigration, use of immunosuppressive drugs and the spread of AIDS, physicians anywhere may see infections caused by previously unfamiliar parasites. The table below lists first-choice and alternative drugs for most parasitic infections. The brand names and manufacturers of the drugs are listed in this article.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2004 Aug 16;46(1189):66 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Choice of Antibacterial Drugs

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • March 1, 2004; (Issue 19)

New drugs for bacterial infections and new information about older drugs continue to become available. Empirical treatment of some common bacterial infections is discussed in this article. A table listing the drugs of choice and alternatives for each pathogen begins on page 18. These recommendations are based on results of susceptibility studies, clinical trials and the opinions of Medical Letter consultants. Local resistance patterns should be taken into account. Trade names are listed on page 24.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2004 Mar;2(19):13-22 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Pneumonia

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 1, 2003; (Issue 13)

The choice of drugs for treatment of pneumonia depends on the most likely pathogens causing the infection and local antimicrobial resistance patterns. Factors such as severity of illness, presence of co-morbid conditions and whether the infection is community or hospital-acquired also need to be considered.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2003 Sep;1(13):83-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Blue light (ClearLight) for Acne Vulgaris

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • June 23, 2003; (Issue 1159)

A high-intensity, narrow-band blue light (ClearLight -Lumenis) approved by the FDA for treatment of moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris has been featured in some stories in fashion magazines. This review...

A high-intensity, narrow-band blue light (ClearLight -Lumenis) approved by the FDA for treatment of moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris has been featured in some stories in fashion magazines. This review describes the etiology and treatment of acne, as well as the mechanism of action, clinical studies, adverse effects, dosage and cost of the drug.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2003 Jun 23;45(1159):50-1 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Sexually Transmitted Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 24, 1999; (Issue 1062)

Many infections can be transmitted during sexual contact. The text and tables [in this article] are limited to treatment of non-HIV infections associated primarily with sexual...

Many infections can be transmitted during sexual contact. The text and tables [in this article] are limited to treatment of non-HIV infections associated primarily with sexual transmission.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1999 Sep 24;41(1062):85-90 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Meropenem - A New Parenteral Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 27, 1996; (Issue 984)

Meropenem (Merrem - Zeneca), a carbapenem similar to imipenem-cilastatin (Primaxin), has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for intravenous (IV) treatment of complicated intra-abdominal...

Meropenem (Merrem - Zeneca), a carbapenem similar to imipenem-cilastatin (Primaxin), has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for intravenous (IV) treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections in adults and children and bacterial meningitis in children more than three months old. Imipenem (Medical Letter, 28:29, 1986) has been useful for treatment of serious infections in which broad coverage of nosocomial organisms, including anaerobes, is needed. Other drugs for these indications were reviewed in the Medical Letter article on 'The Choice of Antibacterial Drugs' (volume 38, page 25, March 29, 1996).

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1996 Sep 27;38(984):88-90 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

The Prostatron: Microwaves for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • June 7, 1996; (Issue 976)

The Prostatron, a microwave device manufactured by EDAP Technomed in Cambridge, MA, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treating symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia...

The Prostatron, a microwave device manufactured by EDAP Technomed in Cambridge, MA, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treating symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1996 Jun 7;38(976):53-4 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for AIDS and Associated Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • October 13, 1995; (Issue 959)

Results of recently completed clinical trials have led to some changes in recommendation for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other infections associated with...

Results of recently completed clinical trials have led to some changes in recommendation for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other infections associated with AIDS.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1995 Oct 13;37(959):87-94 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Piperacillin/Tazobactam

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • January 21, 1994; (Issue 914)

Piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn - Lederle), an antibiotic combination product, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for intravenous treatment of intra-abdominal, pelvic, skin, and...

Piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn - Lederle), an antibiotic combination product, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for intravenous treatment of intra-abdominal, pelvic, skin, and skin-structure infections and for community-acquired pneumonia of moderate severity.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1994 Jan 21;36(914):7-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for AIDS and Associated infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 3, 1993; (Issue 904)

Results of recently completed clinical trials have led to some changes in recommendations for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other infections associted with...

Results of recently completed clinical trials have led to some changes in recommendations for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other infections associted with AIDS.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1993 Sep 3;35(904):79-86 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Topical Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • November 27, 1992; (Issue 884)

A 0.75% vaginal gel formulation of metronidazole (MetroGel-Vaginal - Curatek) and a 2% vaginal cream formulation of clindamycin phosphate (Cleocin - Upjohn) were recently approved by the US Food and Drug...

A 0.75% vaginal gel formulation of metronidazole (MetroGel-Vaginal - Curatek) and a 2% vaginal cream formulation of clindamycin phosphate (Cleocin - Upjohn) were recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of bacterial vaginosis. Seven days' treatment with oral metronidazole, 500 mg b.i.d., has been the usual treatment for this condition, with oral clindamycin, 300 mg b.i.d., as an alternative (JL Thomason et al, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 165:1210, 1991).

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1992 Nov 27;34(884):109-10 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs For AIDS And Associated Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • October 18, 1991; (Issue 855)

A growing number of clinical trials now permits some consensus on the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other infections associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in...

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1991 Oct 18;33(855):95-102 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Choice of Cephalosporin

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • November 30, 1990; (Issue 832)

Since the last Medical Letter review of cephalosporin antibiotics (volume 25, page 57, 1983), many new cephalosporins have become available in the...

Since the last Medical Letter review of cephalosporin antibiotics (volume 25, page 57, 1983), many new cephalosporins have become available in the USA.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1990 Nov 30;32(832):107-10 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Penicillin Allergy

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • August 12, 1988; (Issue 772)

A penicillin is the drug of choice for treatment of many infections, but allergic reactions to these drugs occur frequently and, rarely, can be fatal. From 5% to 20% of patients have a history of a rash or some other reaction while taking a penicillin, but maculopapular rashes with ampicillin or amoxicillin, especially in children with infectious mononucleosis, are probably not allergic.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1988 Aug 12;30(772):79-80 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Mupirocin - A New Topical Antibiotic

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 20, 1988; (Issue 766)

Mupirocin (Bactroban - Beecham), a topical antibiotic formerly called pseudomonic acid, was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of impetigo. It will be sold as a 2% ointment...

Mupirocin (Bactroban - Beecham), a topical antibiotic formerly called pseudomonic acid, was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of impetigo. It will be sold as a 2% ointment available only by prescription.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1988 May 20;30(766):55-6 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction