The injectable interleukin (IL)-23 antagonist guselkumab (Tremfya – Janssen Biotech) has now been approved by the FDA for treatment of moderately to severely active Crohn's disease (CD) in adults; it was approved earlier for treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), plaque psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis. The IL-23 antagonists risankizumab (Skyrizi) and mirikizumab (Omvoh) and the IL-12/23 antagonist ustekinumab (Stelara, and biosimilars) are also approved for treatment of CD.

Opioid use disorder is a chronic, relapsing disease with physical and psychiatric components. It is associated with economic hardship, social isolation, incarceration, increased rates of blood-borne infections such as HIV and viral hepatitis, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and increased mortality. According to the NIH, there were 80,411 deaths involving an opioid in the US in 2021, more than in any previous year. Several guidelines on the management of opioid use disorder are available; all recommend maintenance pharmacotherapy as the standard of care.

Mild to moderate plaque psoriasis can be treated with topical drugs and phototherapy. Patients with moderate to severe disease generally require systemic therapy. Guidelines for the treatment of psoriasis with topical therapy, phototherapy, and systemic drugs have recently been published.

Primary hypothyroidism is usually the result of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism, goiter or cancer, or radioactive iodine therapy for hyperthyroidism.

Meloxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with some cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selectivity in vitro, has been approved by the FDA for treatment of osteoarthritis.

The FDA has approved a pegylated form of interferon beta-1a (Plegridy – Biogen) for biweekly treatment of patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS).

The FDA has issued new warnings about the use of the opioid analgesics codeine and tramadol in children, particularly those <12 years old, and in breastfeeding women due to concerns about the risk of respiratory depression and death. The FDA previously issued warnings about these drugs in 2013 and 2015.

The FDA has approved the monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) inhibitor safinamide (Xadago – US Worldmeds) as an adjunct to levodopa/carbidopa for management of "off" episodes in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). It is the first reversible MAO-B inhibitor to be approved for this indication. Selegiline (Eldepryl, and others) and rasagiline (Azilect, and generics), two irreversible MAO-B inhibitors, have been used alone and as adjuncts to levodopa/carbidopa for many years. Safinamide is not approved for use as monotherapy.

The FDA has approved voretigene neparvovec-rzyl intraocular suspension (Luxturna – Spark), an adeno-associated virus vector-based gene therapy, for treatment of confirmed biallelic RPE65 mutation-associated retinal dystrophy in patients who have viable retinal cells. It is the first gene replacement therapy approved in the US that targets a disease caused by mutations in a specific gene and the first pharmacologic treatment to be approved for this disorder.

The FDA has approved elagolix (Orilissa – AbbVie), an oral gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist, for management of moderate to severe pain associated with endometriosis.