This issue includes reviews of drugs for glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), bacterial conjunctivitis, and dry eye disease. Allergic conjunctivitis is reviewed in a separate issue.

The FDA has approved the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor acalabrutinib (Calquence – AstraZeneca) for oral treatment of relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma. Acalabrutinib is the second BTK inhibitor to be approved for this indication; ibrutinib (Imbruvica) was approved in 2013.Ibrutinib inhibits other kinases in addition to BTK and has been associated with severe adverse effects, particularly atrial fibrillation, infection, rash, and bleeding, that may be related to inhibition of kinases other than BTK.1 Acalabrutinib is a more selective BTK inhibitor than ibrutinib; whether...

On July 12, 2021, the FDA added a warning to the Fact Sheet for the Johnson & Johnson (Janssen) adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccine about an increased risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) following administration of the product.

All refractive corneal surgery reshapes the cornea to redirect light rays so that they focus on the retine....

Alefacept (a le' fa sept; Amevive - Biogen) has been approved by the FDA for parenteral treatment of adults with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis.

Efalizumab (Raptiva - Genentech/XOMA), a humanized monoclonal antibody that inhibits T-cell activation, has been approved by the FDA for treatment of adults with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis.

The FDA has approved azithromycin 1% ophthalmic solution (AzaSite - Inspire) for treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis in patients > 1 year old. It is formulated, according to the manufacturer, in a controlled-release delivery system that keeps the drug in the eye for several hours.

The FDA has recently approved intradetrusor injection of onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox – Allergan) for treatment of overactive bladder in patients who cannot tolerate or have an inadequate response to anticholinergic therapy. Botox is also approved by the FDA for use in detrusor overactivity associated with a neurologic condition such as multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injury, and for chronic migraine, upper limb spasticity, axillary hyperhidrosis, cervical dystonia, blepharospasm, strabismus, and cosmetic reduction of wrinkles.

The FDA has approved dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera – Biogen Idec), formerly called BG-12, for treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). It is the third oral drug to be approved in recent years for this indication.

The FDA has approved vedolizumab (Entyvio - Takeda), an intravenous integrin receptor antagonist, for treatment of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease in adults who have not responded to, lost response to, or cannot tolerate standard treatment. Natalizumab (Tysabri), another integrin receptor antagonist, has been available for several years for treatment of Crohn's disease and multiple sclerosis.