The FDA has approved a 5% ophthalmic solution of lifitegrast (Xiidra – Shire), a lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) antagonist, for treatment of the signs and symptoms of dry eye disease. Lifitegrast is the first LFA-1 antagonist to be approved for any indication in the US.

Fezolinetant (Veozah – Astellas), a first-in-class neurokinin 3 (NK3) receptor antagonist, has been approved by the FDA for treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms (VMS) due to menopause. It is the second nonhormonal treatment to be approved in the US for this indication; a low-dose formulation of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) paroxetine mesylate (Brisdelle) was approved in 2013.

The FDA has approved daxibotulinumtoxinA-lanm (Daxxify – Revance), an acetylcholine release inhibitor and neuromuscular blocking agent, for temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe glabellar (frown) lines associated with corrugator and/or procerus muscle activity. Daxxify is the fifth botulinumtoxin type A product to be approved in the US for this indication (see Table 1). It is also approved for treatment of cervical dystonia in adults

Patients with seasonal allergies often experience nasal itching and congestion, sneezing, rhinorrhea, and itchy, watery eyes. Oral, intranasal, and ophthalmic preparations are widely available over the counter (OTC) for relief of symptoms. Prescription products for management of allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis are reviewed separately.

Cetirizine (Zyrtec - Pfizer), a histamine H 1 -receptor antagonist, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis, perennial allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria in adults and children more than 12 years old.

The number of cough remedies available in the USA continues to multiply, but most products contain the same or similar ingredients in varying combinations. Most acute coughs do not require treatment with drugs, especially in children, and suppression of a productive cough may be harmful.

View the Expanded Table: Some Drugs for Altitude Illness, Jet Lag, and Motion Sickness

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, but cognitive decline is also associated with other neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, vascular dementia, and frontotemporal dementia.

Desloratadine (des lor at' a deen; Clarinex - Schering), an active metabolite of the H1-receptor antagonist loratadine (Claritin), has been approved by the FDA for oral treatment of allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria in patients at least 12 years old. The patent for loratadine expires in December 2002, and generic or over-the-counter versions are expected.

Pramlintide acetate (Symlin - Amylin Pharmaceuticals), a synthetic analog of human amylin, has been approved by the FDA as adjunctive treatment for patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who inject insulin at mealtimes and have failed to achieve glucose control. Pramlintide is injected subcutaneously before meals.